What is Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is a common chronic condition where the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or can’t use insulin effectively. Insulin is a hormone that helps move glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into cells to be used for energy. When this process doesn’t work properly, glucose builds up in the blood, which over time can cause serious health complications affecting the heart, kidneys, eyes, and nerves.

What are the causes and Risk Factors?

Several factors increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. These include poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, excess body weight—especially around the abdomen—family history, high blood pressure or cholesterol, and advancing age. Additionally, certain ethnic groups, such as South Asian, African, Hispanic, and Indigenous populations, have a higher risk of developing this condition.

How Is Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosed?

Diagnosis usually involves blood tests such as the fasting blood glucose test, the A1C test—which measures average blood sugar over 2 to 3 months—and the oral glucose tolerance test. These tests help determine whether blood sugar levels are elevated enough to confirm diabetes.

What is your Diet's role in Managing Type 2 Diabetes?

Nutrition plays a vital role in managing type 2 diabetes. The primary goals are to stabilize blood sugar levels, support healthy weight management, and reduce the risk of complications. A diet rich in non-starchy vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and low-glycemic fruits helps achieve these goals. Avoiding sugary beverages, refined carbohydrates, fried and processed foods, and limiting alcohol intake can further support blood sugar control.

How can a Dietitian help?

Working with a registered dietitian can provide personalized guidance on meal planning and lifestyle modifications tailored to your needs. As a dietitian, I help individuals create sustainable nutrition plans that not only manage blood sugar but also improve overall health and quality of life. If you’re ready to take control of your diabetes through food, consider scheduling a consultation.